Understanding the problem
To better understand a stack, let us look at some interesting problems programmers face when designing software systems. Many times in a program, we need to have a data store that is smart enough and remembers the order in which the data was added. This is especially useful in cases where we want to process data items in a Last In First Out (LIFO) or First In Last Out (FILO) order. This is a fairly common requirement in many use cases, some of which we will look at now.
LIFO or FILO
Last In First Out (LIFO), also known as First In Last Out (FILO), is a method of processing data items in the reverse order of their addition. This means that the data item added last to the data store will be the first one to be processed.
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