Understanding nested functions

Now that we know the basic memory layout, let's examine how large computer programs are implemented. Computer programs do not contain just a single function but multiple functions. The functions call each other constantly, making the code modular and easy to understand. We know that the stack memory of a process is dedicated to storing information about a function.

Whenever a program has a function call, all the data associated with that function call, like the local variables, function parameters, return address, etc., gets stored in a stack frame structure. Data for each function call has its own stack frame, stored in LIFO order in the stack memory.